What are the two ways the hypothalamus sends messages to the pituitary gland?

1 answer:

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The hypothalamus synthesizes and secretes certain hormones called releasing hormones which stimulate the secretion of pituitary hormones.

The hypothalamus gland uses the nervous system and secretes hormones which sends messages to the pituitary hormones.

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Students in a science class were asked to investigate how missing or damaged organelles affect cellular homeostasis for cells fo

lora16 [44]

Answer:

B. At what rate do the mitochondria of the cell need to convert glucose to usable energy molecules to meet the high energy needs of the cell?

Explanation:

Organelles are specific in their functioning and hence, each organelle contributes its own quota to the cell's proper functioning. According to the question, a muscle tissue is being worked on to determine the effect of a missing or damaged organelle on its cell.

Mitochondria are organelles found in all eukaryotic living cells. They are the organelles responsible for the synthesis of ATP (energy) used by the cell as a result of the glucose that gets converted in them during cellular respiration.

Therefore, to determine if the muscle cells are functioning properly, the question that: At what rate do the mitochondria of the cell need to convert glucose to usable energy molecules to meet the high energy needs of the cell? should be asked.

Note that, Chloroplast and cell wall are not found in muscle cells, which is an animal cell. Likewise, ribosomes are not organelles for synthesis of glucose.

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3 years ago

Improved bone regeneration through amniotic membrane loaded with buccal fat pad-derived MSCs as an adjuvant in maxillomandibular

muminat

Mesenchymal stem cells and HAM together may improve bone repair, especially in the horizontal dimension. Additionally, this technology lessens secondary bone resorption and the quantity of collected autogenous bone.

HAM:

Background: Human amniotic membranes (HAMs), a biological membrane with potential for cell therapy, osteogenesis, and healing, have come under the spotlight as a way to improve the results of treating bone abnormalities. The goal of the current study is to clinically evaluate the possibility of HAM loaded with stem cells from the buccal fat pad (BFSCs) as an osteogenic covering for only bone transplants to maxillomandibular bone lesions.
Materials and methods: The current investigation included nine patients with jaw bone abnormalities. Iliac crest bone graft with HAM covering (n = 5) and iliac bone grafts coated with HAM loaded with BFSCs (n = 4) were the two study groups that the patients were divided into. Cone beam computed tomography was carried out for radio morphometric characterization five months after the grafting and before the installation of the implant.
Results: The mean increase in bone width was found to be significantly greater in the HAM + BFSCs group ( $4.42$ ± $1.03$ mm versus $3.07$ ± $0.73$ mm, p < $0.05$ ). Further, the changes in vertical dimension were greater in the HAM + BFSCs group ( $4.66$ ± $1.06$ mm versus $4.14$ ± $1.03$ mm, p > $0.05$ ).