The continual input of energy, mostly from sunlight, sustains the process of life. Sunlight allows plants, algae and cyanobacteria to use photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds like carbohydrates. This process is the fundamental source of organic material in the biosphere. There are a few exceptions to this, such as ecosystems living around hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor, which derive their energy from the chemical compounds such as methane and hydrogen sulfide. In either case, the overall productivity of an ecosystem is controlled by the total energy available.
Answer:
The plant cell wall is strengthened by the molecular structure of cellulose. Cellulose is made up of ß-glucose arranged upside down, this arrangement aided hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen ions of the hydroxyl group and oxygen of the of the ring of same betta -glucose.
The aggregation of the hydrogen bonds give bundles of strong tensile strength of cellulose called the microfibrils (of 60-70 celluose molecules).They are held together in bundled called fibers.T<u>hese is the source of plant cell walls strength.
</u>
<u />
Collagen is the main extracellur matrix (EM) in animal cells.It is a glycoprotein made up of 25%of body protein of animals.Each collagen molecule is made of helix shaped ,three polypeptide chains, wound around each other to form<u> triple helix.</u>The bonds holding helix together are hydrogen and covalent bonds.
Each triple helix is attached to adjacent collagen molecule, parallel to it. The covalent bonds formed a cross link which held the collagen molecules together forming FIBRILS. This gives flexibility to collagen, while maitaing strong tensile strength. This is what is responsible for the structural strength of cell membrane
.
.The EM,is futher reinforced with carbohydrate molecules(proteoglycans) which<u> aided in water movements by osmosis following sodium movements into the matrix.</u>
The energy source that is described in the image is light energy from the sun. The correct option is A.
<h3>What is chloroplast?</h3>
Chloroplast is a cell organelle that contains chlorophyll and aids in the process of photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight using carbon dioxide and water.
The missing image of the question is attached as an image.
The energy source that is described in the image is light energy from the sun.
Thus, the correct option is A.
For more details regarding chloroplast, visit:
brainly.com/question/11136550
#SPJ1
Aerobic respiration is producing of cellular energy involving oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electrons through molecular oxygen.
