Depending on the context (also: historical time) of the situation, mutual agreement between the two places and the terms actually used in their legal documents, it could be:
a dependency
a colony
a territory (for example: Puerto Rico is an unincorporated US territory)
and some others: people in the past have used different words to mask the fact that they dominate another country against their will...
False, because it doesn’t requires one it requires more than one to memorize for a second time.