Answer:
The traits for blood type and Rh are the result of the presence or absence of proteins on the outside of erythrocytes, called surface antigens, being the antigens A and B, for the blood group, and the Rhesus factor for the Rh.
Explanation:
<u>Blood group
</u>
The blood type or group is determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B, which is determined by three genes A, B and O:
- Blood type A has antigens A, with a genotype A/A or A/O, which in turn is able to reject the presence of B antigen by producing anti-B antibodies.
- Type B blood has only B antigens, with possible genotype B/B or B/O. It can produce anti-A antibodies.
- The AB blood type has both antigens, with an A/B genotype, having both antigens do not react to the presence of an antigen.
- Blood type O is characterized by the absence of surface antigens, and its genotype is expressed as O/O.
<u>Rh factor</u>
The Rh factor, which owes its name to the rhesus monkey study, is also a surface protein - the Rh antigen - that determines this characteristic in the blood.
The nomenclature used for this type of blood uses the signs "+" or "-" after the Type ABO, indicating the presence or absence of the Rh factor, respectively.
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Rh+ blood has the Rh, D or Du antigen on the surface of the erythrocyte.
- The Rh- doesn't possess the antigen, and is able to make antibodies against the Rh antigen.
The importance of knowing the presence or absence of erythrocyte surface antigens is that it determines the compatibility of blood type, and the possibility of transfusions. The ORh- blood type is currently known to be a universal donor and AB+ is a recipient of any blood type.
Learn more:
brainly.com/question/1167303
<h2>Immunity </h2>
Explanation:
Immunological memory of adaptive immunity ensures that vaccination effectively prevents disease
- When the adaptive immune system is exposed to a new threat, the specifics of the antigen are memorized so we are prevented from getting the disease again
- The concept of immune memory is due to the body’s ability to make antibodies against different pathogens
- A vaccination against a virus can be made using either active, but weakened or attenuated virus, or using specific parts of the virus that are not active
- Both attenuated whole virus and virus particles cannot actually cause an active infection, they mimic the presence of an active virus in order to cause an immune response, even though there are no real threats present
- By getting a vaccination, one is exposing the body to the antigen required to produce antibodies specific to that virus, and acquire a memory of the virus, without experiencing illness
Answer:
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Explanation:
It would be true because infrared light does have less energy than ultraviolet light. This means that there would be visible color because the waves of light isn't going to fast to see it.
