The correct answers are:
1) According to research, the sentence that will describe Sanraj’s experience of learning a second language in college is the one that reads “Learning a second language in college will be easier than learning it in childhood” (<u>option letter A</u>). In the chapter “<em>How do we Learn Grammar?</em>” of his book “<em>English in Use</em>” (1991), Quirk argues that we gain knowledge of grammar even before going to school. Moreover, he mentions that a child achieves insights even without explicit teaching, for instance, insights of <em>analogy</em>, <em>concord</em>, <em>aspect</em>, among others. This is why we can say that <u>it will be easier to learn a second language in childhood</u>, as all this insights enhance the <u>explicit learning</u> we are given.
2) The correct sentence that accurately describes the relationship between the theory of universal grammar and acquisition of a second language is the one in option letter B (The theory of universal grammar supports language acquisition because all languages share a similar structure). Although languages differ in many ways, they are all <u>processed</u> by the brain <u>in the same way</u>. In other words, languages share certain <u>fundamental design features and structural characteristics</u> that enable them to work the way they do.
3) The sentence that is an example of the use of morphemes is the one in option letter C (Adding an "e" at the end of "hop" makes "hope"). By definition, morphemes are the smallest meaningful constituents of a linguistic expression. For instance, if the word “<em>reads</em>” is segmented into individually meaningful parts “<em>read</em>” + “<em>s</em>”, those parts are called <u>morphemes</u>. In the case of the example of this correct answer, the morpheme “<em>e</em>” has been attached to the morpheme “<em>hop</em>” and together they make up the word “<em>hope</em>”.