The transformation of f(x) to g(x) = a·f(x-b)+c does vertical scaling by a factor of "a", right shift by the amount "b" and shift upward by the amount "c".
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1. The function is ...
scaled vertically by a factor of 3,
shifted right 2 units, and
shifted up 5 units.
The general shape is that of the square root function, but enlarged vertically and translated upward and to the right. The first attachment shows a graph.
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2. The function is ...
scaled vertically by a factor of -1 (reflected across the x-axis), and
shifted down 8 units.
The function is an odd function, so is symmetrical about the origin. A reflection across the x-axis (top/bottom) has the same appearance as a reflection across the y-axis (left/right). This function retains its size, but is moved downward. The second attachment shows a graph.