Answer:
Reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.
Explanation:
The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system and is made up of neurons that go along it (from the end of the brain stem almost to the bottom of the spine).
The spinal cord receives incoming messages from the peripheral nervous system (including the sensory neurons) and pass on messages from the brain to efferent neurons (motor neurons at muscles).
The spinal cord contributes to learning as it passes on the info received from sensory neurons (that there is an obstacle in the path) to the brain and passes on the response from the brain to the muscles (to lift the foot up higher).
The spinal cord is essential for integration as it passes on sensory information to the brain to determine motor output.
Reflexes are when sensory information is quickly sent straight to motor neurons to move. It does not need to go to the brain (hence does not need to go to the spinal cord) for the reaction as it would be too slow. This is seen when someone who is paraplegic (paralysed at lower torso) can still move their leg in response to the doctor tapping their knee even when they cannot forcibly move their legs.
Therefore reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.
If the question is referring to an osmosis experiment, the high test concentration of sugar in at the beginning will be INSIDE the visking tubing.
Answer:
Open-cast mining
Explanation:
The aftermath of open cast mining are pits (called quarries) on the surface of the earth where the surface soil has been removed/ displaced to access the mineral deposits that are just close or at the surface of the earth. This type of mining results in environmental degradation because they disturb the biodiversity of the ecosystem in which the mining is taking place. Rehabilitation of the area is required after the mining has been exhausted to restore the initial environment.
Oxidative phosphorylation of the Aerobic respiration pathway.
Answer:
a few hours to a few days
Explanation:
Reports that a process can exist do not mention the time involved.
In an industrial process, the length of time likely will be dominated by cleaning, bleaching, and drying times, which could be hours to days. Full-scale production would likely be more efficient if time is shorter. If "appropriate technology" is used, time could run to several days.
