Question

Eukaryotic cells. Classify each statement according to whether it occurs in eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, or both.

Answer 1

Answer:

Both:

• The start codon is often AUG

Eukaryotic cell only:

• The larger subunit of the ribosome is 60s.
• The ribosomes initially binds the 5' end of mRNA.

Prokaryotic cell only:

• The ribosome is 70s
• Translation occurs in the cytoplasm
• There are multiple ribosome binding site

Explanation:

• AUG is the common start codon for both eukaryotic as well prokaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cell, it codes for methionine . While in prokaryotic cell, it codes for formyl methionine.
• In prokaryotic cell, ribosomes are found in cytoplasm, hence the translation occurs in cytoplasm.
• Eukaryotic ribosome consists of two subunits; 40s and 60s(larger subunit)
• Prokaryotic ribosomes have 70s ribososme, which consists of 50s and 20s subuints
• in eukaryotic cell, 40s ribosome initially binds to the cap at the 5' end of mRNA.
• Bacterial mRNA contain multiple ribosome binding sites.