Br₂ + FeBr₃----->Br-Br-FeBr₃
In this reaction, FeBr₃, is a electron-deficient species that is it act as a lewis acid.
While Br₂, donates its electron to FeBr₃.
Br₂, act as a electrophile while FeBr₃ is a lewis acid.
Futher if Br₂, undergoes a reaction an aromatic ring , then that ring will attack Br₂, and it acts as a electrophile.
The volume in liters occupied by 22.6 g of I₂ gas at STP is 1.99 L (answer A)
<u><em>calculation</em></u>
Step: find the moles of I₂
moles= mass÷ molar mass
from periodic table the molar mass of I₂ is 253.8 g/mol
moles = 22.6 g÷253.8 g/mol =0.089 moles
Step 2:find the volume of I₂ at STP
At STP 1 moles =22.4 L
0.089 moles= ? L
<em>by cross multiplication</em>
={ (0.089 moles x 22.4 L) /1 mole} = 1.99 L
Answer:
Tests for unsaturation involves addition across the multiple bonds in the unsaturated compound.
Explanation:
In organic chemistry, we define an unsaturated compound as any compound that contains a double or triple bond. These multiple bonds are also known as pi bonds.
There are two major tests for unsaturation which shall both be discussed here.
The first test for unsaturation is by the use of bromine water. The unknown sample is passed through a solution of bromine water which normally appears reddish brown. The bromine water becomes decolorized due to addition of bromine across the multiple bond. This is a standard test for unsaturation.
Secondly, unsaturated compounds decoulourize a solution of potassium permanganate when passed through it. This alone can not be used as a distinctive test for unsaturation.
Propenoic acid will give a positive test to the both reagents showing that it contains multiple bonds, in this particular instance, a double bond.
Percent yield or yield is mathematically defined as:
Yield = Actual amount / Theoretical amount
So to solve the yield, let us first calculate the
theoretical amount of POCl3 produced. The balanced chemical reaction for this
is:
6 PCl5 + P4O10 ---> 10 POCl3
Since P4O10 is stated to be supplied in large amount, then
PCl5 becomes the limiting reactant.
So we calculate for POCl3 based on PCl5. To do this let us
convert the amount into moles: (molar mass PCl5 = 208.24 g/mol)
n PCl5 = 42.66
grams / (208.24 g/mol)
n PCl5 = 0.205 mol
Now based on the
stoichiometric ratio of the reaction:
<span>n POCl3 = 0.205 mol (10
POCl3 / 6 PCl5)
n POCl3 = 0.3414 mol POCl3</span>
Converting to mass (molar
mass POCl3 = 153.33 g/mol)
m POCl3 = 0.3414 mol (153.33 g/mol)
m POCl3 = 52.35 g
Calculating for yield:
Yield = 47.22 g/ 52.35 g
Yield = 0.902
<span>%Yield = 90.2 % (ANSWER)</span>
