Answer:
It is used by every living cell
Explanation:
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It is a fern and belongs to Phylum Pterophyta
Fern is a plant with fronds that are attached to rhizomes. The frond is the leaf of the fern and the rhizome is the root which grows. They have vascular tissue which means that they use tubular structures to transport nutrients throughout the plant. They reproduce by spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
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Answer:
A. pH
Explanation:
Denaturation of proteins is a protein whereby the protein molecule loses its primary structure and ultimately its physical functioning as a result of factors including pH, temperature or concentration of chemicals. Based on this definition, it is visible that denaturation of proteins can be caused by these three factors: pH, chemical and temperature.
However, in this case of PEPSIN enzyme, which is a proteinous molecule produced in the stomach of humans and functions in breaking down proteins, its denaturation occurs as it moves along the digestive tract to the intestines. This is as a result of the changes in pH in the digestive tract.
The pH of the stomach where pepsin is produced is acidic i.e. <3.0. However, as one moves towards the intestine, the pH increases, which is unfavorable or considered harsh for the pepsin enzyme. Hence, it gets denatured.
Answer:
Seedless vascular plants are plants that contain vascular tissue, but do not produce flowers or seeds. In seedless vascular plants, such as ferns and horsetails, the plants reproduce using haploid, unicellular spores instead of seeds. The spores are very lightweight (unlike many seeds), which allows for their easy dispersion in the wind and for the plants to spread to new habitats. Although seedless vascular plants have evolved to spread to all types of habitats, they still depend on water during fertilization, as the sperm must swim on a layer of moisture to reach the egg. This step in reproduction explains why ferns and their relatives are more abundant in damp environments, including marshes and rainforests. The life cycle of seedless vascular plants is an alternation of generations, where the diploid sporophyte alternates with the haploid gametophyte phase. The diploid sporophyte is the dominant phase of the life cycle, while the gametophyte is an inconspicuous, but still-independent, organism. Throughout plant evolution, there is a clear reversal of roles in the dominant phase of the life cycle
Explanation:
