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blsea [12.9K]
3 years ago
8

Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes _____.

Biology
1 answer:
Evgen [1.6K]3 years ago
4 0
<span>Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes Tundra</span>
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Adaptive immunity comprises two branches: humoral immunity and cellular immunity. What are the characteristics of each of the tw
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Answer:

Adaptive or acquired immunity is that we acquire throughout our lives through vaccines (active), breast milk (passive) or injection of specific artificial or natural antibodies to a certain pathogen (passive).

The two great arms of this immunity are the humoral and the cellular.

The humoral refers to the cytokines and immunomodulatory molecules that are responsible for transmitting fundamental messages between defense cells in order to coordinate the destruction of the pathogen between them.

Instead, cellular immunity speaks about cell lineage such as b, t, tcd4 lymphocytes, natural killers, plasmacytes, etc.

It can be said that the humoral factor is the one that coordinates the pathways and the relationships between the cells of the acquired immunity, both are important because the two need each other for adaptive immunity to work.

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Examples of the humoral factor: pro and anti inflammatory cytokines, interleukins, complement chain, antibodies, TNF alpha, beta, etc.

Examples of cellular factor: plasmacyst, b lymphocyte, t lymphocyte, NT lymphocyte

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Someone help please??
bixtya [17]

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The diagram below shows the details of an experiment in which three similar table-cloth (1,2 and 3)with identical fat stains, we
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Given what we know, we can confirm that the property of enzymes most likely being studied is denaturation.

<h3>What is enzyme denaturation?</h3>

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Therefore, we can confirm that the property of enzymes most likely being studied is denaturation.

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