Answer:
the process whereby nonsister chromatids exchange genetic material
Explanation:
Crossing-over is a unique phenomenon which occurs only in the prophase I stage of meiotic division i.e. meiosis I. It is the process whereby nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes (similar but non-identical chromosomes from male and female parents) exchange their genetic material.
This exchange between nonsister chromatids aids in genetic variation among species that reproduce sexually via meiosis. Hence, meiosis, which is peculiar to sexually-reproducing organisms is the only way that promotes genetic variation in species.
The endocrine system is characterized by the secretion of hormones by target cells.
<h3>What about the endocrine system is true?</h3>
Endocrine glands produce hormones into the bloodstream. As a result of this, the hormones can now reach cells throughout the body. The regulation of mood, development, metabolism, and reproduction is aided by the endocrine hormones. The endocrine system regulates how much of each hormone is released.
<h3>What are the traits of the endocrine system?</h3>
Endocrine glands are ductless, their secretions are directly emptied into the circulation while exocrine glands have ducts. Endocrine glands are distinguished by their ductlessness, high degree of vascularization, and presence of intracellular vacuoles or granules that store hormones.
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The Crossover of chromosomes occurs during the prophase 1 phase of meiosis.
<h2>Further Explanation
</h2><h3>Cell division </h3>
- Cell division is the process in which cells within an organism undergoes division to give rise to new cells.
- There are two types of cell division, namely:
<h3>Mitosis </h3>
- Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in the somatic cells or the body cells where cells divides to give new cells that are similar to the parent cell.
- The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells.
- For example in humans the parent cells are diploid, 2n, while the daughter cells are also diploid, 2n. (Diploid means each cell has two pairs of chromosomes).
<h3>Meiosis </h3>
- This is a type of cell division that takes place in the gonads, or reproductive organs, in which cells divide to form daughter cells that differ genetically with the parent cells.
- The daughter cells contain half the number of chromosomes, haploid, n, while the parent contain a diploid number, 2n, of the chromosomes.
- Meiosis occurs in two phases, that is, meiosis I and meiosis II
- During the process of meiosis several processes occurs that cause genetic variation among organisms. These processes include, crossing over, independent assortment of genes, among others.
<h3>Crossing over </h3>
- Cross over is the process that occurs during the prophase I phase of the first stage of meiosis known as meiosis I.
- During the process of crossing over, genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes which enhances the genetic variation in organisms.
Keywords: Cell division, meiosis, mitosis, prophase I, crossing over
<h3>Learn more about:
</h3>
Level: High school
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cell division
Sub-topic: Meiosis
An autotroph is an organism that can create nutritional organic substances from inorganic substances
1. A, C, G, T
2. A, C, G, U
3. Transcription
4. Translation
5. Cytoplasm
6. Nucleus
7. Ribosome in the cytoplasm or attached to ER
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