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katrin [286]
3 years ago
5

A) Describe the first interaction that triggers signaling to begin in a target cell.

Biology
1 answer:
sergey [27]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Ligand-receptor interaction is the first interaction that triggers cell signalling.

Ligands are the hormones, drugs or neurotransmitters that specifically bind with receptors present in cell surface to initiate cell signalling. Ligand binding to the receptor is reversible. Binding of the ligand to the receptor can activate or inactivate receptor. Activation may lead to cell signalling pathways. Inside cells, there are secondary molecules which on activation starts a cascade of reactions. which in-turn regulate the function of the ligand molecule.

At first, the activated receptor relates with G proteins molecules in the cell.

before the ultimate physiological effect of the ligand on the cell's behavior is produced Therefore, the cellular signaling starts as soon as the first messenger (the ligand) binds to its receptor.

hope this helps

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What type of mutation in nucleotide 4 would produce the same amino acid?
g100num [7]
Most likely a silent mutation. Silent mutations are mutations in DNA that do not have an observable effect on the organism's phenotype because the same amino acid is produced regardless of the change in the nucleotide sequence by the mutation.
8 0
4 years ago
¿Qué se puede agregar a un átomo para hacer que un electrón sin valencia en el átomo se convierta temporalmente en un electrón d
NNADVOKAT [17]

Energía.

Explicación:

Generalmente, los electrones giran continuamente en las capas de los átomos. Si estos electrones se encuentran en las capas más externas de un átomo, se denominan electrones de valencia.

Son necesarios para las reacciones químicas de un átomo en particular con otro, a través de sus pérdidas o compartidas.

En los átomos sin valencia, sus capas más externas no tienen electrones en sus capas más externas, tales átomos son estables.

Sin embargo, si se suministra cierta cantidad de energía a dicho átomo, el electrón gana energía y, por lo tanto, se excita.

Por lo tanto, se mueven de niveles de energía más bajos a niveles de energía más altos, y hacen que el átomo sin valencia se convierta en valencia temporalmente, a medida que se mueven hacia la capa más externa.

Answer:

Energy.

Explanation:

Generally, electrons revolves continuously in the shells of  atoms.if these electrons are located in the outer most shells of an atom,they are refereed to as the Valence electrons.

They are needed for chemical reactions of a particular atom with another,through their loses or sharing.

In Non -valence atoms their outermost shells do not have electrons at their outermost shells,such atoms are stable.

However, if  certain quantity of energy is supplied  to  such atom, the electron  gains energy and therefore becomes excited.

They therefore move from lower energy levels to higher energy levels,and makes the non- valence atom becomes valence temporarily, as they move into the outermost shell.

5 0
3 years ago
Could receiving extra chromosomes happen to the tasmanian devil? Why or why not?
Kazeer [188]

Answer:

Yes, extra chromosomes can be received by the tasmanian devil.

Explanation:

Extra chromosomes can be received by the tasmanian devil due to tumor disease in the tasmanian devil. In the beginning the old genome of tasmanian devil has 13 chromosomes but with the tumor disease, it receives one extra chromosome and completed 14 chromosomes. Tumor occurs when the dead cells are not removed from the body and the new ones are formed.

7 0
3 years ago
What is the difference between forward spatter and back spatter?
pashok25 [27]
Forward spatter is the blood that is ejected out of the exit wound,going the same direction as the bullet.back spatter is the blood ejected out of the entry wound,travelling against the line of fire and towards the shooter.
4 0
4 years ago
Describe the effect of amanitin on the maximum elongation rate for the wild-type and modified RNA polymerases
Scrat [10]

Answer:

The effect of amanitin on the maximum elongation rate for the wild-type and modified RNA polymerases is that it binds to the RNA polymerases, and reduces the process of translocation which is essential for RNA synthesis that is required for RNA polymerases elongation.

Explanation:

Amanitin is a peptide that is cyclic in nature. It is repelled by water thereby making it an hydrophobic peptide.

Amanitin is a toxic peptide that is found in Amanita ( a type of mushroom).

Alpha Amanitin in particular is the one that affects the elongation rate of RNA Polymerases in the body.

When Alpha Amanitin gets into the body system, it travels straight to the liver and due to its very strong affinity for RNA polymerases, it immediately attaches itself to them.

After the attachment, Alpha Amanitin, is disturbs the bridge helix found in RNA polymerase, preventing the hindering and slowing down the proces of translocation from happening.

Once translocation is hindered, RNA is no longer synthesized. Hence, the elongation of RNA polymerases is hindered and this results in severe illness in the body such as liver failure, cytolysis of the liver

8 0
3 years ago
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