Answer:
The correct answer is: Immunosenescence.
Explanation:
- Immunosenescence can be defined as a biological age-related phenomenon due to which the cells of the immune system are unable to function efficiently with increase in age.
- As a result of this the aged individuals becomes susceptible to various infections and diseases.
- This happens because of the following reasons:
- The immune cells are formed from the progenitor cells called the Hematopoetic Stem Cells (HSCs) which are abundantly found in the bone marrow. These cells have the capacity of self-renewal and also differentiation into various types of immune cells. Due to aging, these cells accumulate large number of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that that causes oxidative damage to the DNA. Also, with age the telomere (the repititive DNA sequence located at the chromosome terminal that protects the end of the chromosome from undergoing recombination or fusion with other chromosomes) length shortens resulting in the generation of damage in DNA. All these reduces the self renewal and differentiation capacity of these cells.
- Other cells of the immune system like, the white blood cells, anti-body producing B-cells, cytotoxicity inducing T-cells, natural killer cells also accumulate similar DNA degrading components. This reduces their life time and also the efficiency of their activity.
Answer:
I would say, a combination of all the data on the graphs
Explanation:
I hope this helps!
Answer:nobel gaeses are found in the group 18 of the periodic table
Explanation:
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I believe its D because we cross out the first 2 options because the question is asking about the dark line which is the pups and not the adults. if we look D and the lowest point of dark line, we can say its talking about <u>few</u> and 1995 talking about <u>many. </u>
Answer;
Mesoderm
The mesoderm is a layer of the embryo, which will become the circulatory system, bones, muscles, excretory system, and reproductive system.
Explanation;
-The germ layers develop early in embryonic life, through the process of gastrulation. An inner layer, called endoderm, and an outer layer, called ectoderm and a middle layer called mesoderm.
-The embryonic endoderm develops into the interior linings of two tubes in the body, the digestive and respiratory tube. the lining of the follicles of the thyroid gland and the epithelial component of the thymus.
-Ectoderm develops into parts of the skin, the brain and the nervous system. Mesoderm gives rise to bones, muscles, the heart and circulatory system, and internal sex organs.
