Answer:
Adaptive defenses include both humoral and cellular immunity.
Explanation:
The innate immune response is the non-specific immune response and serves to provide an immediate and general immune response. The adaptive immune responses are the specific immune responses. Adaptive immune responses include cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity includes T cells (cytotoxic and helper T cells) while antibody-mediated immunity includes the production of antibodies from B cells. Binding of antigen to B cells is followed by their transformation into plasma cells and produce antibodies. Some of the activated B cells form memory B cells that are responsible for quicker and strong secondary immune responses.
Answer:
A single gene on the Y chromosome plays a crucial role in the parental development of the testes.
Explanation:
Y chromosome is present only in males and this chromosomes is the distinguishing factor which separates males from females. It is the smallest chromosome but of utmost importance due to its sex determining feature. Up till now, studies show that Y chromosomes only carry limited amount of genes.
The Y chromosome, most importantly, comprises of the SRY gene. This is the gene responsible for determining the testis and for the development of the testis. The SRY gene is responsible for sex determination.
More water means more pee (theoretically). Pee is actually just garbage materials from the body (toxins). These color the urine. The more you drink, the more you have to pee and just pee clean because all toxins are out, or you have more water to take out the toxins, having less of it per let's say 0.5 l
Answer: Polygenic inheritance
Explanation:
Polygenic inheritance is a phenomenon shown by a trait that is controlled by many genes residing at different loci.
Thus, the expression of the trait is the total effect of all the genes controlling it. Skin colour and height in humans are examples of such traits.
Answer:
Nucleoid
Explanation:
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus, but, instead, generally have a single chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.
