It can help us no more about how to prevent global warming
It is not really possible to give the exact occurrence of an earthquake, but it can be predicted by monitoring faults. Earthquake happens when the pressure on a fault line builds up or accumulate, when it is eventually releases, earthquake will take place. Geologist observes and measure the changes or amount of pressure in these fault lines to know if an earthquake is likely to take place.
You didn't give the options for "which" but I assume your multiple choice questions will all be environmental factors that can cause mutations. To pass on to offspring, any mutation in the gametes or a chromosome may cause a mutation in the offspring.
