Answer: They help reconstruct what happened the most precisely
Answer: Option E) is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus.
Explanation:
The nutrients-rich blood is enters the glomerulus of the kidney by renal artery. As it circulates through the capillaries of the glomerulus the blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus forces water, urea, nitrogenous compounds, glucose etc to be filtered into the bowman's capsule.
This process of filtering materials from the glomerulus into the bowman's capsule is called ultra filtration
when changes in a protein appear to accumulate at a constant rate over time is called option (c) i.e, Molecular clock.
<h3>What does molecular clock mean?</h3>
The term "molecular clock" refers to a method that estimates the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged by analyzing the mutation rate of biomolecules. Typically, nucleotide sequences for DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequences for proteins serve as the biomolecular data for these calculations.
Hedges, a biology professor at Penn State, claims that the molecular clock counts the mutations that accumulate through time in the gene sequences of various species rather than counting seconds, minutes, and hours.
Mutation and recombination, the two fundamental biological processes that give rise to all heritable variations, are the foundation of molecular clocks. Mutations are modifications to the genetic code of DNA, for as when the nucleotide Guanine (G) turns to Thymine (T).
To know more about molecular clocks refer to: brainly.com/question/8597562
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Answer: B
Explanation: Traits usually die off when they are unneeded by the organism, or if the trait causes harm to the organism's survival. Through natural selection, over time, the organisms with the best combination of traits for its survival will become the dominating species, and those with weaker traits may not survive long enough to pass off their traits to future offspring.
