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The Port Chicago disaster was a deadly munitions explosion that occurred on July 17, 1944, at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in Port Chicago, California, United States. Munitions detonated while being loaded onto a cargo vessel bound for the Pacific Theater of Operations, killing 320 sailors and civilians and injuring 390 others. Approximately two-thirds of the dead and injured were enlisted African American sailors.
A month later, unsafe conditions inspired hundreds of servicemen to refuse to load munitions, an act known as the Port Chicago Mutiny. Fifty men—called the "Port Chicago 50"—were convicted of mutiny and sentenced to 15 years of prison and hard labor, as well as a dishonorable discharge. Forty-seven of the 50 were released in January 1946; the remaining three served additional months in prison.
During and after the trial, questions were raised about the fairness and legality of the court-martial proceedings. Owing to public pressure, the United States Navy reconvened the courts-martial board in 1945; the court affirmed the guilt of the convicted men.Widespread publicity surrounding the case turned it into a cause célèbre among Americans opposing discrimination targeting African Americans; it and other race-related Navy protests of 1944–45 led the Navy to change its practices and initiate the desegregation of its forces beginning in February 1946 and In 1994, the Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial was dedicated to the lives lost in the disaster.
On June 11, 2019, a concurrent resolution sponsored by U.S. Representative Mark DeSaulnier was introduced in the 116th United States Congress. The resolution recognizes the victims of the explosion and officially exonerates the 50 men court-martialed by the Navy.
Explanation:
Cheikh Anta Diop, he believed that African people formed their society based on Egyptian beliefs and not European customs.
It states that if ancient Kemet had evolved as a patriarchal society, as some Egyptologists claim, it in fact would have remained patriarchal throughout its entire history and therefore be a part of the northern cradle.
2/3 vote of the senators that are present about 66.6%
<span>The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act in 1766 due to resistance from the colonies to it, including boycotts</span>
1. The benefits of the industrialization in the Northeast can be mostly seen in the modernization of the region, as well as in the economic growth. This region of America was the one that was the most in touch with the newest technologies that were developing in Europe, thus it was more advanced technologically than the others. This led to rapid economic growth through the industry, making its economy relatively strong. The main problems were that the workers were having low wages, worked too much hours, and lived in terrible conditions, as well as the rapid urbanization that led to of problems in the housing department and all the basic needs for living, since it was rushed and not well planned.
2. Unfortunately, it was not everyone that had benefit from the economic growth of the region. The company owners, large land owners, bankers, all had huge benefit of it, and they became very powerful and rich, but they represented only a small fraction of the population. The majority of the population was struggling and lived in terrible conditions, with the poverty rates being very high despite the constant economic growth.
3. It is hard to tell did the benefits or the problems outweigh in this situation. From one side, the economy was growing stronger, and the region was modernized, which on the long run gave it big advantage in its development and became one of the most important places in the world. On the other side, the majority of the people didn't really saw anything from this modernization and economic development, but instead lived in bad conditions, and took quite some time for their standard of living to became descent.