1. Griffith in his experiment used two related strains of bacteria (Streptococcus pneumonia), known as R and S and mice, trying to develop a vaccine against pneumonia. R strain-formed nonvirulent, rough-edged colonies
S strain- rounded and smooth colonies, with sugar protection coat, virulent
Mice that were injected with S strain developed pneumonia and died.
But, when mice were injected with heat-killed S strain it did not cause disease in mice.
The next part of experiment is the injection of combined harmless R bacteria with harmless heat-killed S bacteria. The result was that the mouse developed pnenumonia and in blood sample from the dead mouse, living S bacteria were found.
2. From his experiment, Griffith concluded that injected together, R strain and S strain bacteria most likely “communicate”. The R-strain bacteria took "transforming principle" (we know today that this is genetic material DNA) from the heat-killed S bacteria which allowed them to "transform" into virulent bacteria.
First generation: 4 students.
Second generation : 16 students ( or 4^2 )...
Fifth generation: 4^5 = 1,024
Answer: For 5 generations 1,024 people will know this art.
B) surface area and temperature
Answer:
The reshuffling of alleles in sexual reproduction
Explanation:
Answer:
Although you normally hear about trying to reduce or eliminate friction, it actually has some important uses.
Since friction is a resistance force that slows down or prevents motion, it is necessary in many applications where you might want to hold items or do things and prevent slipping or sliding. In those cases, there is an advantage of having friction.
Quite often uses of frction can be seen from how things would be without friction. Without friction, you would not be able to walk, drive a car, or hold objects. Pens and pencils would not work.
Explanation:
