Answer:
The citric acid cycle is fundamental to produce the energy needed for aerobic cell metabolism, thereby mutations in the enzymes involved in this metabolic pathway would be lethal to the individual
Explanation:
In aerobic organisms, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), is a key metabolic pathway used to remove electrons and uses them in the electron transport chain in order to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. The citric acid cycle depends on eight enzymes that oxidize acetyl-CoA into two molecules each of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Thus, the citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions that are key to breakdown carbohydrates, fats and proteins into CO2 and H2O in order to produce energy (ATP).
Answer:
GTACCGA
Explanation:
During DNA replication, the purine bases adenine and guanine binds to the pyrimidine bases thymine and cytosine respectively.
From the above original strand, the complementary strand will be:
GTACCGA
Answer: Skin cancer
Explanation:
Melanin is a pigment derived from an amino called acid tyrosine. The most common form of melanin is called eumelanin, which is a polymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acids and their reduced forms.<u> When a person is exposed to the ultraviolet light (UV) from the sun, the melanocytes will produce eumelanin to prevent the skin from burning and damage to the cell nuclei (where DNA is found)</u> of the epidermis. This melanin production causes the skin to darken. The eumelanin in the skin then acts as a natural sunscreen by blocking the damaging effects of sunlight. So, skin darkens when exposed UV light, thus providing greater protection when needed by producing more eumelanin, but it also becomes more likely to develop melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer. This is because UV rays damage the DNA of skin cells. <u>The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that has the instructios to the growth and functioning</u> of an organisms). Skin cancers begin when eumelanin protection is not sufficient and this damage affects the DNA of the genes that control the growth of skin cells. <u>This results in a tumor, which is the uncontrolled growth of cells </u>(in this case, skin cells) because there will be a mutation in DNA that affects the function of the cells.
