<span>Some mutations don't have any noticeable effect on the phenotype of an organism. This can happen in many situations: perhaps the mutation occurs in a stretch of DNA with no function, or perhaps the mutation occurs in a protein-coding region, but ends up not affecting the amino acid sequence of the protein.</span>
Answer: a.Camouflage
Simulation is a deception in the characteristics of the organism which favors it's survival in the environment. Camouflage is a kind of simulation, in which the organism adapt the color or shape according to the surrounding environment in order to remain undetected by a prey and a predator. For example, chameleon is a reptile, which can change it's color according to the surrounding environment. It changes it's color to green in grass and remains brown in the tree bark in order to eat insects and remain undetected from prey and predator population.
Therefore, According to the simulation, camouflage helps predators to survive by allowing them to sneak up on their prey.
When cells communicate by the signaling process, one cell produces a signaling molecule that must be received by the signal receptor on or in the responding cell. Signaling molecules are often called ligands, a general term for molecules that bind specifically to other molecules (such as receptors).
Answer:
A fixed set of steps and procedures