1. INC were working towards a united India from borders of Afghanistan to Myanmar (incorporating present-day countries of Pakistan and Bangladesh. Muslim League were unyielding and wanted a land for Muslims, later to be called Pakistan. Mainly attributed to Moh'd Ali Jinnah, who thought that in a majority Hindu India and a closely rivaling Muslim population, peace was impossible. Proposed several different plans like cutting out chunks of India where there was any Muslim presence so India looked like a chocolate chip cookie... so instead, an agreement much to the dismay of Gandhi was reached to give East and West Pakistan.
2. The British had a major divide and rule policy and the sectarian and religious conflict between the Hindus and Muslims was an advantage to them. If all Indians united, there could have been slaughter against the British. However whereas the INC represented all of India, the Muslim League like title implies represented solely the Muslims. Taking advantage of this division, British promptly packed up and left with dignity in hand.
3. One of, if not the fastest partition of a country ever done. Border literally drawn by a special convoy sent from Britain who knew nothing about the issue. Done almost overnight like a kid just arbitrarily draws a line and calls it a border... it ran thru districts, neighborhoods and even houses. Leading to the greatest mass migration in human history (fact) not to mention the slaughtering that ensued.
The power of veto is the power to the president to stop an official action. An executive order is an order given by the president and having the force of law .
