First of all science is needed to study most things including diseases and this is so since the study of diseases would require a research organism of course and this is any creature that scientist would use to study life and so without science this would not be possible as science allows for the study of animals and humans which are likely to be vectors and diseases requires epidemiology which are scientific disciplines similar to biology to better understand the disease processes and so science is definitely needed.
<span>There are numerous proteins in muscle. The main two are thin actin filaments and thick myosin filaments. Thin filaments form a scaffold that thick filaments crawl up. There are many regulatory proteins such as troponin I, troponin C, and tropomyosin. There are also proteins that stabilize the cells and anchor the filaments to other cellular structures. A prime example of this is dystrophin. This protein is thought to stabilize the cell membrane during contraction and prevent it from breaking. Those who lack completely lack dystrophin have a disorder known as Duchene muscular dystrophy. This disease is characterized by muscle wasting begininng in at a young age and usually results in death by the mid 20s. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of skeletal muscle.
Muscle cells contract by interactions of myosin heads on thick filament with actin monomers on thin filament. The myosin heads bind tightly to actin monomers until ATP binds to the myosin. This causes the release of the myosin head, which subsequently swings foward and associates with an actin monomer further up the thin filament. Hydrolysis and of ATP and the release of ADP and a phosphate allows the mysosin head to pull the thick filament up the thin filament. There are roughly 500 myosin heads on each thick filament and when they repeatedly move up the thin filament, the muscle contracts. There are many regulatory proteins of this contraction. For example, troponin I, troponin C, and tropomyosin form a regulatory switch that blocks myosin heads from binding to actin monomers until a nerve impulse stimulates an influx of calcium. This causes the switch to allow the myosin to bind to the actin and allows the muscle to contract. </span><span>
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1. 1000000 g
2. 62cm
3. ??
4. 8.45 ( not sure)
5. 0.825 m
The organisms which appeared on earth first was bacteria.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- The first-ever living organism on Earth was a bacteria known as cyanobacteria. It is believed by scientists that it first formed around 3 billion years ago.
- When the Earth was first formed, it was inhospitable for a long time until 3.8 billion years ago approximately, the core cooled down and the level of oxygen had risen. This, along with photosynthesis resulted in the formation of Cyanobacteria.
- These organisms were capable of carrying out the process of photosynthesis by which they prepared their food. These were known as common ancestors. All the living organisms thereafter are known to be their descendants.
Answer:
If the child has blood type OO and his mothes has AO type, the father must have O in his genotype: A(AO), B(BO), O(OO). The male phenotype AB exclueds him as father.
