Answer:
C.
It was the turning point of the war because it forced General Lee and his army to begin a slow, defensive campaign of retreat to their home country for supplies and a fresh stock of soldiers.
Explanation:
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The Underground Railroad was the name of the escape routes used by slaves to escape the South and flee to the North. It was a network of special routes and safe houses that were used by both slaves and abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause of escaping slavery. It started in the late 1700's and ended after the abolition of slavery. Canada was a popular destination, as slavery was prohibited their and had a longer border for easier access.
Here's your list:
<u>MONKS</u>;
- lived in monasteries
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copied manuscripts of books
<u>THE POPE</u>:
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considered to be infallible
- held the most power within the hierarchy of the church
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could excommunicate the king
Some further explanation:
The history of monasticism (the life of monks) goes back at least as far as the 3rd century of Christian history. St. Anthony was famous in those days for going out into the desert to live by himself, and others followed his example. Beginning in the 4th century, communities of monks began to form to live in community with one another in monasteries. Copying books was one of their occupations together, along with prayer and daily tasks.
The office of the pope developed out of the position of the Bishop of Rome. Over time, the Bishop of Rome asserted more and more power over other bishops in the church. Leo the Great (5th century) and Gregory the Great (end of 6th century) were two key figures in advancing the power of the "universal bishop" of Rome as leader of the whole church. The doctrine of the pope being "infallible" (unable to be in error) when speaking on matters of faith and doctrine was not officially proclaimed until the First Vatican Council in the 19th century. However, that belief about the pope's authority had developed long before that, already during the Middle Ages.
C. Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson was the seventeenth president of the US and followed Lincoln after his assassination. He was a Democrat and as vice president offered a good bridge to the South as the Civil War was ending but as president he was not trusted by the Republicans.
Andrew Johnson pardoned Confederate leaders, allowing them to keep their land and sometimes positions in society. He provided an easy path back into the Union and did not protect blacks from the growing power of groups like the Ku Klux Klan. Johnson vetoed a civil rights act that would have prevented segregation and violence against former slaves. His policies would convince Republicans that they would have to take Reconstruction over in Congress.
