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During World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union fought together as allies against the Axis powers. However, the relationship between the two nations was a tense one. Americans had long been wary of Soviet communism and concerned about Russian leader Joseph Stalin’s tyrannical rule of his own country. For their part, the Soviets resented the Americans’ decades-long refusal to treat the USSR as a legitimate part of the international community as well as their delayed entry into World War II, which resulted in the deaths of tens of millions of Russians. After the war ended, these grievances ripened into an overwhelming sense of mutual distrust and enmity.
Postwar Soviet expansionism in Eastern Europe fueled many Americans’ fears of a Russian plan to control the world. Meanwhile, the USSR came to resent what they perceived as American officials’ bellicose rhetoric, arms buildup and interventionist approach to international relations. In such a hostile atmosphere, no single party was entirely to blame for the Cold War; in fact, some historians believe it was inevitable.
The Cold War: Containment
By the time World War II ended, most American officials agreed that the best defense against the Soviet threat was a strategy called “containment.” In his famous “Long Telegram,” the diplomat George Kennan (1904-2005) explained the policy: The Soviet Union, he wrote, was “a political force committed fanatically to the belief that with the U.S. there can be no permanent modus vivendi [agreement between parties that disagree].” As a result, America’s only choice was the “long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.” “It must be the policy of the United States,” he declared before Congress in 1947, “to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation…by outside pressures.” This way of thinking would shape American foreign policy for the next four decades.
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Places and Region: Place describes the features that make a site unique. regionsareareasthat share common characteristics. A place for defined by its distinctive climate and plant life.
Physical Systems: • Natural changes
– How things like hurricanes, volcanoes, and glaciers shape and change the earth’s surface
• Communities of plant and animals
– depend on the one another and their surroundings for survival
Human Systems: Movement is how things move from place to place. (This can be movement of people, ideas and/or beliefs, and goods.) Describes how people have shaped our world.
Environment and Society: How humans effect the environment – Good effects- planting trees for oxygen
– Bad effects-pollution from industries
• How the environment effects human
– Good effects- growing crops on the side of the mountain – Bad effects- the weather effects the clothing and shelter
The uses of geography: • Understand the relationships among people, places, and environments over time
• Understand the past and prepare for the future
The spartans were praised and respected for their excellent military power
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The fight against fascism during World War II brought to the forefront the contradictions between America's ideals of democracy and equality and its treatment of racial minorities. Throughout the war, the NAACP and other civil rights organizations worked to end discrimination in the armed forces.
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The social pressures that contributed to English colonization of north America had to do with religious, politics and economics matters. Bearing in mind that religion was the main factor contributing to the English migration, the Puritans fled to America from England to gain their religious freedom.
