James Lange was a psychologist who has been proposed a theory of emotions with physiology. The theory has been proposed by William James and Carl Lange. In this theory, emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to the events.
Thus when Summer frightened because of the startled of the noise when she walking down to the street alone. This is an example of a theory of emotions that was proposed by James - Lange.
The operant condition is also called the shaping of the behavior that occurs based on the teaching of the newly learned behavior and is prompting to the leaning of the behavior through the reinforcement and thus the conditioners are able to motivate to obtain that sort of behavior. Thereby conditioning is done to the external stimulus and the observations are made in a closed setting.