A phosphate group is a functional group that typically has a negative charge at the pH of the cell.
- Phosphate groups contain a negative charge at physiological cell pH.
- DNA nucleotides are composed of a phosphate group, thereby exhibiting a negative charge.
- The phosphate group is also fundamental in Adenosine triphosphate or ATP (the energy coin of the cell).
In conclusion, a phosphate group is a functional group that typically has a negative charge at the pH of the cell.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The liver's main job is to filter the blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines.
Answer: In photosynthesis, the Electron Transport Chain consists of 2 photo systems which use light energy from the sun. The ATP synthase uses the proton gradient established from the ETC to create more energy. ATP is produced from ATP synthase. NADPH is produced from the NADP reductase process.
Answer:
The flowchart is not seen in your question. The labeling cannot be done without seeing the flowchart.
Here are the processes of bacterial transformation:
Explanation:
Bacterial transformation is defined as the change in the properties of bacteria which is caused by the introduction of foreign and naked DNA.
DNA is an hereditary material in organisms that contains their genetic information.
Here are the processes of bacterial transformation:
Step 1: Donor cell forms a Donor cell lyses
Step 2: Donor cell homologous binds to a receptor site on the recipient cell.
Step 3: One strand of donor cell DNA is degraded, and transformed DNA Pairs with homologous region on recipient cell.
Step 4: Finally, recombines with recipient cell chromosome
