A. They were trying to find a trade route to make trading easier, so they explored a whole lot more.
B. The Colombian Exchange contributed to the rise of slave trade because when they picked up goods, they just piled 100 or so slaves in the bottom deck. Once a few people had some, many others began to want them and supply and demand skyrocketed. It was easy because the slaves had a different skin color and spoke a different language. The Europeans did not see them as people.
Depending on the context (also: historical time) of the situation, mutual agreement between the two places and the terms actually used in their legal documents, it could be:
a dependency
a colony
a territory (for example: Puerto Rico is an unincorporated US territory)
and some others: people in the past have used different words to mask the fact that they dominate another country against their will...
Answer:
Jerusalem is believed to be the center of the world where God resided. It is the holiest city.
I believe the answer is: Judge
Even though juries have the power to determine whether a defendant is guilty or not, they do not have a final decision in determining duration of prison stay.
That power (along with the power to maintain order during the trial) fall at the hands of the judges.