Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
Learn more about Top down and bottom up regulation here:
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Answer:
The answer is C
Explanation:
Nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) They are the third most frequent stressor in impaired rivers and streams, and the fourth greatest stressor in impaired estuaries. The three primary nutrients in manure are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
C. light-years is the best to describe the distance
