This is a false statement.
Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are two bacteria who are encapsulated, that means that they are surrounded by an envelope. This capsule is critical to their pathogenicity since it protects them from the phagocytes of the human immune system. Certain proteins located on the surface of their capsule prevent the phagocytic cell from adhering to the bacteria and engulfing it.
The first one is the 3rd option and the 2nd one is also the 3rd option
The two fundamental principles used in building cladograms are principles of parsimony and robusticity.
The principle of parismony states that the simplest of competing explanations is the one most likely to be correct.
The principle of rubusticity states that trees that maintains their basic forms even when different options are applied to the sequence of changes in one or more of their branches are preferable.<span />
A line of indirect evidence of competition comes from the comparison between closely related species, whose population can be allopatric (geographically separated) or sympatric (geographically superimposed). In some cases, the allopatric populations of these species are morphologically similar and use similar resources. On the other hand, sympatric population, which are supposed to compete for resources, have body structures and use different resources. The displacement of characters is the tendency to have more divergent characteristics in sympatric populations of two species than in allopatric populations of the same two species.
An example of character displacement is the variation in size between populations of galapagos finches. Some of its populations are allopatric ( they live separately) and others are sympatric ( they live together). Peak size distributions they vary according to whether they are sympatric or allopatric. They look more alike when they are allopathic than when they are sympatric. That is, the peak size character moves when species enter competition.
