Marx was not a comprehensive philosopher. Most of his thinking was already present in the theories of other philosophers. His greatest concentration was on the understanding of surplus value, which saw only at work the source of valuation of a product.
In 1848, Marx and Engels developed the Communist Manifesto, presenting scientific socialism.
Scientific socialism is among Karl Marx's main ideas and it is he who leads to communism. In short, it is a doctrine with practical guidelines for establishing the revolution in order to achieve an egalitarian society.
Karl Marx's theory of alienation
It is all sorts of dependence among men, whether it is a just or unfair dependency. This is one of the most important topics in Marxist philosophy.
Karl Marx's dialectical historical materialism
Marx, influenced by Hegel and with Engels, defended that we live in a world where everything is material and there is no supernatural, there is no spiritual and history is always explained by the theory of classes that oppress and classes that are oppressed.
In arguing that everything is material, he reduced all values to material goods. Equality means having material goods, money, products. This is one of the reasons for the failure of communism, since there was no respect for each person's unique dignity, freedom, life, etc.
The idealized, classless and egalitarian society would be an earthly paradise. This thought is one of the main ones in the Marxist philosophy, together with the thought of surplus value.
