Answer:
Because the denominator of the whole is exactly the same denominator of the fractions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Let:

Arbitrary constants, where:


Let's rewrite the problem this way:

Where:

If the fractions have the same denominator, that is:

Then:

Factor:

Thus:

As you can see from the equation, you can conclude directly from it that:

In another words, when two fractions refer to the same whole and have the same denominators, the denominator of the whole is exactly the same denominator of the fractions. That's the reason why you can compare only the numerators.