Answer:
A
Explanation:
The structure of ATP is such that there are three (3) phosphate moelcules in sequence attached to the 5’ carbon of the ribose sugar ring. The O- groups of each phosphate are close to each other and are negatively charged. They, therefore, repel each ohtehr electrostatically and make ATP very unstable – hence considered weak bonds. ADP is more stable than ATP. Nonetheless, phosphoanhydride bonds between the phosphate have high energy of ΔG of -30.5 kJ/mol. These characteristic make ATP ideal as ane energy currency since it is easy to hydrolyze while producing much energy.
Answer:
Radiation
Explanation:
Radiation is the transfer of heat by means of electromagnetic waves.
The factors are: The size of the sample, the extraction method, the method of purification and preservation of the DNA.
The quantity and quality of DNA can be greatly improved by performing PCR.
* Purification of nucleic acids is a key step for functional studies in biology. Because of the great diversity of living organisms in nature, purification becomes a real challenge for researchers, especially cell lysis.
The evolution of lysis methods has made it possible to improve efficiency, speed and simplicity. But, this lysis step remains a crucial step for the efficiency and the quality of the purification.
One gene for a particular trait is transcribed from DNA during transcription. The code for the gene is transferred by mRNA to the ribosome for protein production to begin. Proteins are constructed from a polypeptide chain of amino acids
