The Answer is C.
This is why. The word 'literal' can be defined simply as "face value". For example if some one says I literally haven't slept all night. You would see that this means they have not slept at all.
A parallel sentence mentions the same grammatical expression twice. I would go with "D". 'Passed' and 'Demonstrated' are both past tense words that express the same past tense grammatical idea.
If you have more questions, feel free to ask me.
B. The right for people to follow any religion
Hope this helps!
