Primary appraisal appraisal involves judging whether a stressor is either a threat or a challenge.
<h3>Define Primary appraisal . </h3>
The cognitive process known as primary appraisal takes place when a person evaluates whether or not an incident is upsetting and significant to them. An assessment of the event's threat, likelihood of harm or loss, and challenge are made at this phase.
<h3>Describe Primary and secondary evaluation.</h3>
It is important to first assess whether the stressor is dangerous. The individual's assessment of the tools or coping mechanisms at his or her disposal for dealing with any perceived risks constitutes secondary appraisal.
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Budget surplus is the situation when revenue exceeds expenses
C. French defeats in Haiti ruined Napoleon's plan to build an empire in America.
Napoleon decided that holding a empire outside Europe would be too costly, drain too much resources and spread his troops out too much. He decided to drop most of the colonies & sell the Louisiana to the US not only as to be able to have more money to fund his wars, but also to give the UK a rival for the future.
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Answer:
Prices are often volatile due to inelastic demand. e.g if there is a ‘good harvest’, supply will increase and there will be a fall in the price of primary products. However, because demand is inelastic, this would lead to a fall in revenue.
coffee-supply-price-growers
The volatile price of coffee – can make planning difficult.
Supply can also be volatile due to weather and disease. For agricultural crops, there is always a risk of crop failure, which could cause economic hardship in one particular year.
Limited resources. One day developing economies may run out of its finite primary products, e.g. precious metals could become scarce. Without diversification, this would leave the economy with a void.
Discourages investment in other aspects of the economy. Concentrating on primary products does not always help the long-term development of an economy because it can contribute towards a lack of investment in other aspects such as education and industrial production. Comparative advantage can change over time. It’s important to not just look at the present comparative advantage, but prospects for next 10 or 20 years.
There is a low-income elasticity of demand for primary products. With a rise in global income, there is a proportionately smaller percentage rise in demand for primary products. (agricultural products tend to be income inelastic). Therefore, if you produce primary products, you may see lower rates of economic growth than countries who produce manufacturing goods – which are more income elastic. The Prebisch-Singer hypothesis suggests that countries who concentrate on primary products are vulnerable to a declining terms of trade.
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Answer:Adding negative incentive would more likely result in Clarice choosing to read the textbook.
Explanation:
If she knows there will be negatives incentives when she watches the show she would likely not watch it.
How exactly does incentives impact human behaviors?
Most of the times we are driven by intrinsic motivation however extrinsic motivation also plays a huge role such as incentives .
People are commonly attracted to behaviours that lead to receiving certain rewards and stay away from those which do not give them any rewards or lead to hard consequences.
If someone has been promised a reward rather than a punishment they are likely to excel in that behaviour because they know their effort will be rewarded but if there is a punishment(negative incentive) in place for that behaviour they will most likely stay away from it.