Answer:
Present value is the value of future payments in the present and it is very important to use this when making financial decisions mainly because of inflation.
Inflation weakens money so future values are almost always less than present values so when making a decision it is the present value that needs to be factored not the future value as that is less than the present value in value.
Inflation is factored into the calculation of interest rates so they can be used to discount future values to present values. They are therefore important to know because without them we cannot make a comparison between future and present values.
For one to decide between taking a payment now vs the future, they need to discount that future value to the present to see if it is larger than the present value after which they can make their decision.
If you won a $25 million lottery and you had to choose between a lump sum of $17 million now or $1 million every 25 years, you should discount the $1 million every 25 years to the present using a relevant interest rate. If it is larger than the lump sum now, take it and if it isn't, leave it.
Answer: $5,600 Favorable
Explanation:
Total Overhead Variance is a method of measuring if the company is spending more than it is supposed to on overhead. It checks this by computing the difference between the Actual Overhead spent and the Budgeted/ Standard Overhead that it was supposed to spend.
If the Actual Overhead is more than the Standard Overhead the Variance is Negative, if the reverse is true then the Variance is Positive.
The formula for the Variance given the details in the question is,
Total Overhead Variance = Standard total Overhead - Actual Overhead
= (Standard hours * Pre-determined Overhead rate) - Actual Hours
= ( 20,600 * 6) - 118,000
= 123,600 - 118,000
= $5,600
The Standard Total Overhead is more than the Actual Total Overhead so the Variance is Positive as Pine Company spent less than it thought it would.
Answer:
hospitals, highways, schools
Explanation:
A municipal bond is a type of debt security made by government entities in order to finance <em>capex </em>(capital expenditures), mainly for the construction of hospitals, highways, schools.
They represent loans that investors give to such government entities and they are usually exempt from the usual taxes on building such things.
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