Inbreeding restricted gene flow
Answer: It would be C, fertilization
Explanation: fertilization is the basis of variability, since the two main purposes of fertilization are the combination of genes derived from both parents and the generation of a new individual with a new genetic endowment.
A whitecap is a wave that is breaking– it is characterized by the white water/foam on the top of the wave.
A swell is a slow, rolling wave that does not have the white water on top. Swells tend to be larger.
Hope that helps!