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Answer:
1 H is consumed in exchanging the synthesized ATP in mitochondria with ADP in cytosol by adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT).
Explanation:
The electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transported in electron transport chain through various complexes that act as electron transporter, to oxygen. In this process, the pumping of protons from mitochondrial matrix to intermembrane space causes a concentration gradient and hydrogen ions diffuses out of matrix space through ATP synthase causing the production of ATP.
3 H are enough to pass through ATP synthase for the phosphorylation of ADP to produce ATP. 1 H or 25% of energy yielded from electron transfer is required to exchange the matrix ATP with the ADP in intermembrane space by adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT). This process provides continuous supply of ADP to mitochodaria and ATP which is exported to cytosol is utilized by cell to perform various functions. There will be no ATP production in mitochondria without ADP. So 4 H are required for 1 ATP production.
1 H for importing ADP to mtichodaria + 3 H for phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
Answer:
Step 1: Pollination
In general, male gametes are contained in pollen, which is carried by wind, water, or wildlife (both insects and animals) to reach female gametes. The pollen is deposited on a plant's stigma, which is part of the pistil (the elongated part of a flower extending from the ovary). This process is called pollination.
Step 2: Germination
Within a few minutes, pollen tubes begin growing, or germinating, toward the egg cell. These tubes will provide a path for the sperm carried in the pollen to reach the egg.
Step 3: Penetration of the Ovule
The pollen tubes penetrate the ovule, which contains the female gametes.
Step 4: Fertilization
Sperm travel down the pollen tubes and fertilize an egg. Most angiosperms undergo double fertilization, where both an egg and the polar nuclei in the embryonic sac are fertilized.
Explanation:
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B, because the mitochondria is the power house of the cell meaning it’s where the energy is made in a cell.
More hydrogen ions means more acidic, more hydroxide ions means more basic