ALRIGHT SO, during the renaissance society got all sorts of yikes. Shakespeare created the vernacular (basically breaking down the language so the average person could read & understand it) which he used in his writings & it also was used in the bibles so that the average person could read them & they kind of strayed away from the church and such. Also, John Calvin & Martin Luther created calvinism & lutheranism because they didn't agree with the catholic church's views & such, which caused a controversy & people started separating from the catholic church & started following Calvin & Luther (i hope this helped!!! it's 11:11pm so sorry if i couldn't explain too well)
After the war, the Radicals demanded civil rights for freed slaves, including measures ensuring suffrage. They initiated the various Reconstruction Acts as well as the Fourteenth Amendment and limited political and voting rights for ex-Confederate civil officials and military officers.