Nicolaus Copernicus was the first thinker to develop the sun-centered model, as shown in option A.
We can arrive at this answer because:
- During the Middle Ages, it was believed in a spatial model centered on the Earth.
- This model claimed that the Earth was the center of the universe and all other planets revolved around it.
- However, Nicolaus Copernicus when researching the stars realized that the sun was the center of the solar system and that the other planets, including the Earth, revolved around it.
Nicolaus Copernicus' model was not accepted by the Catholic Church, which dominated all branches of society at the time, and for that reason, he was heavily punished.
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“Alfred Sewell ended his discussion of Chicago with a stirring prediction: ‘The city will nevertheless rise again, nay, is already rising, like the Phoenix, from her ashes. And she will, we believe, be a better city as well as a greater one, than she was before her disaster.’”
This is the best option because it gives the feeling of hope. The image of the Phoenix rising out of the ashes is meant to show that Chicago will once rise again. It will come back and be even better. The quote says that the city will "rise again" and "is already rising". Two of the other options only speak of the devastation of the fire. The option about the workers tells about the demand for laborers but it doesn't necessarily evoke a sense of hope in rebuilding.
Answer:

an invented long word said to mean a lung disease caused by inhaling very fine ash and sand dust.
hope helpful <3