The ductus arteriousus is a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. Otherwise known as the ductus Botalli, this structure pumps blood into the fetus' non-functioning lungs from the right ventricle. This blood vessel will close at birth and becomes the ligamentum arteriousum.
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A mutation in a plant that could cause negative outcomes could be the plant has less leaves, or isn't hardy enough, like other plants. It would die. A plant from an area like Chernobyl, that has been affected by radiation could poison other animals, or pass that gene along, and ultimately kill that strand of plant.
Fossils are Remains Of Tracers Of Prehistoric Life