Answer:
b. structural functionalism.
Explanation:
Structural Functionalism: The structural functionalism theory is based on the work of Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, Herbert Spencer, and Talcott Parsons.
The term structural functionalism is considered to be as the sociological theory which is described as explaining the nature of society behaving in a certain way and the reason behind it by focusing on the relationships between several social institutions that represent the society, for example, law, religion, education, government, etc.
In the question above, the structural-functionalism perspective is being used to understand the given example.
The correct answer is 4.Synagogues
The right answer is: constructivist approach.
This method of learning was developed by Jean Piaget and is based on the premise that students should be responsible and active participants in their own learning processes and not just to receive information passively.
The main characteristics of this learning method are the interaction and autonomy of the students and an example would be the realization of an experiment and the analysis of its results.
I hope this information can help you.