Nico's parents are attempting to use a negative reinforcement technique embodied in the operant conditioning framework to increase Nico's studying.
Operant conditioning is a learning mechanism which consists on affecting the strength of a behaviour by reinforcement or punishment, depending if the aim is to increase or decrease it , respectively.
In this example, Nico's parents want him to acquire good studying habits, hence they allow him to quit from tasks he hates at home if he does so, for instance, doing the dishes. Hence, if he does not behave properly he will suffer the consequences and do the dishes. This a negative reinforcement as if the conduct is not appropiate, the response will be the obligation to do a task he hates.
This scenario is related to this following source and type <u>Source - Statutory, Type – Civil</u>.
Option: B
<u>Explanation</u>:
Statutory Law is a source law which is a written law that is passed by a legislature’s body as an opposition to the oral or customary law or a regulatory law pronounced by the common law of the judiciary or the executives. It can be originated either with local municipalities or state legislatures or national legislatures.
Civil is the type of law which deals with rules body which defines and protects the private rights of the citizens of the nation. It provides legal reforms to resolve or solve any dispute. Contracts, torts, properties and family laws come under this type of law. In the above scenario there is a dispute between Alex and Reese. The property of the Alex is damaged so, Alex wanted to take Reese to court and solve this problem. If there are any disputes then civil type of law deals with it.
Market demands. the free market demands fair trade.