Answer:
A. That ancient land was located in the Middle East, a hot and sunny part of the world.
Explanation:
Options B through D simply do not make any sense. They overuse words, and are far too long. Sentence 2 starts off with "That ancient land was located in the Middle East." So it would make sense to start the revised sentence that way. Add "The Middle East" to sentence 1, and there you go.
It is an example of a Simile.
It compares one thing to another using "as", which is what a simile does.
Green tea is the best answer