Answer:
the photo is just black i cant help you like that
Explanation:
l hate school toooooooo:(
The answer is "D"
The body's first line of defense is also known as Innate immunity and incudes mucous membranes. Both the intact skin and mucous membranes of the body offer a high degree of protection against pathogens.
A good example is the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. It is lined up with cilia and covered with mucus. The coordinated beating of the cilia drives the mucus up to the nose and mouth where the trapped bacteria can be expelled.
(Lymph nodes and white blood cells belong to the second line of defense, not the first)
They are not able to reproduce independently
They do not use energy for metabolism of any kind
<span>Their virulence is maintained by non-living cultures
Hope this helps. ^.^</span>
