Answer:
1. Phrase: her daughter
2. Dangling modifier: Attacked by the school bully, the backpack fell from Abner’s shoulder.
3. Clause: Susie likes ice cream
Explanation:
1. A phrase is a group of words that stand together as a single unit, that does not contain either a subject or a verb, and therefore, it has to be part of a sentence so that it could make sense. "her daughter" has a possessive pronoun and a noun and it needs to be included in a sentence to make sense, so it is a phrase.
2. A dangling modifier is a modifier that does not clearly state the object it modifies, thus it makes the sentence or the idea confusing. In the sentence, "Attacked by the school bully" is the modifier (it describes the state or situation of a person). The following clause should have the object it modifies, more specifically, it should clearly state WHO was attacked by the school bully, but it does not, that object is not clear: the backpack fell from Abner's shoulder, but was Abner the one that got attacked, or the school bully? Thus, the sentence has a dangling modifier.
3. A clause is a group of related words that have a subject and a verb. And they may or may not be able to stand on its own, depending on whether they express a complete thought or not. "Susie likes ice cream" has all those characteristics: it has a subject (<em>Susie</em>) and a verb (<em>like</em>) and it does express a complete thought, thus it is an independent clause.
