<span>The power taken by Ferdinand III for the Holy Roman Empire's constitution was taken away and given back to the rulers of the German states. The rulers of German states were able to independently decide their religious worship. Catholics and Protestants were seen as equal. Calvinism was given legal recognition. Protestantism was recognized as a religion. All parties would now recognize the Peace of Augsburg of 1555. </span>
Some city states were monarchies ruled by kings or tyrants. Others were oligarchies ruled by a few powerful men on councils. The city of Athens invented the government of democracy and was ruled by the people for many years.
