Carbon dioxide can be transported through the blood via three methods. It is dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate.
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. Carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells. Inside, carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate (HCO3−) and H+. The H+ ion binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. This is called the chloride shift.
Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. In the lungs, bicarbonate is transported back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from hemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which further catalyzes the reaction to convert carbonic acid back into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is then expelled from the lungs.
<span>A) Humans and other apes represent divergent lines of evolution from a common ancestor. I feel would be the answer that makes the most sense. </span>
A.) An allele is a version of a gene that can be expressed as a phenotype.
The correct option is C.
The geosphere refers to the solid parts of the earth. All of these parts are affected when a volcanic eruption occur. When volcanic eruption occurs, it contributes to the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere because carbon dioxide which is regarded as a greenhouse gas is released into the atmosphere. Also sulphur dioxide gas is released which results in acid rain.
Adenine(A) Guanine(G) Cytosine(C) Thymine(T)
