Answer:
Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
Answer:
A catalyst is a substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. Catalysts typically speed up a reaction by reducing the activation energy or changing the reaction mechanism. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.
Answer:
In human vision, the cone visual opsins are grouped into four photoreceptor protein families LWS, SWS1, SWS2, RH2
.
- SWS1: produce pigments sensitive to very short wavelengths, UV-violet, 360-450 nm.
- SWS2: produce pigments sensitive to short wavelengths, blue, 450-495 nm
- RH2: produce pigments sensitive to medium wavelengths, green, 495-560 nm
- LWS: produce pigments sensitive to long wavelengths, yellow-red, 560-770nm.
Explanation:
Photoreceptor proteins are light-sensitive proteins that mediate light-induced signal transduction, thus they are involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms.
The photoreceptor proteins are classified based on the chemical structure of the chromophores involved, the light absorption and on the protein sequence.
This photoreceptor proteins are located at the cone photoreceptor cells and are responsible of photopic vision.
For scotopic vision, rhodopsin is responsible. Rhodopsins are the visual pigments (visual purple) of the rod photoreceptor cell in the retina. They are responsible of human vision in dim light, as it contains a sensory protein that converts light into an electric signal.
The mechanism that is least likely to inactivate a tumor-suppressor gene is chemical modification.
Tumor suppressor genes, also abbreviated as TSG, are the ones that check the cell cycle and regulate them. They inhibit any damaged gene from moving ahead in the cell cycle. If the tumor suppressor genes are inactivated anyhow, it can lead to cancer.
Chemical modification is the process of chemically modifying the structure of a protein. It is a beneficial process when used efficiently as it help to derive the product of interest. Therefore this process is least likely to cause inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
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The process of cellular respiration transforms the energy in the bonds of glucose into the usable energy for the cell in the form of ATP.
The cellular respiration refers to an alignment of metabolic procedures and reactions, which occurs in the cells of species to transform biochemical energy from the nutrients into ATP and then discharge the waste outcomes.
