According to Charles's law, the volume of a gas will decrease as temperature decreases (directly proportional). Theoretically, a
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will be largest for
.
Explanation: Ionization energy is the energy to knock off an electron from a gaseous atom of ion. First ionization energy or is the energy required to remove 1 loosely held electron from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous ion carrying (+)1 charge.
The electrons are filled according to Aufbau's rule and the orbitals which are strongly held to the nucleus follows the order .
Electron is released from the outermost shell that is from the electrons which are loosely held to the nucleus, this follows the pattern .
In configurations,
The loosely held orbital is 4s, therefore electron will be lost from that easily.
Now, in 3p orbital, one configuration has 5 electrons and one has 1 electron.
The configuration having 5 electrons will be more tightly held by the nucleus because it has more electrons that the one having only 1 electron. Hence, the electron will be lost easily from the configuration having as the valence shell.
Therefore, the configuration will the largest
.